Union Organizing Free Essays

Labor Relations Week 6 Final Paper Union Campaigning Process Campaigning is something that is done in many aspects of life. It breaks down to basically creating arguments to sell yourself or your company to a group of people. President hopefuls set out on a campaign trail every four years to try and get people to vote for them. We will write a custom essay sample on Union Organizing or any similar topic only for you Order Now I always thought that this was the only form of campaigning, but I was incorrect. Employers and Unions both use campaigning to get workers to either avoid, or join a union. Each side has their own tactics and goals to achieve. I plan to analyze both sides and show the pros and cons of each. Employer campaign tactics start with four key factors that determine voting decisions. These factors are job dissatisfaction, union instrumentality, general union attitudes and collective social identity. Employers try to provide information to employees consisting of pro-company, anti-union information. Employers use many tactics during their campaign process to attempt to get their workers to avoid joining a union. Some of these include sending out letters or email messages with negative aspects of the union organization, or supervisors meeting with employees individually or in small groups. Another tactic that works to the advantage of employers is utilizing its private property rights to prohibit outside organizations from entering the workplace and interacting with their workers. A drawback to that tactic is that they have to maintain the rule for all organizations, and not just unions. One of the more common tactics is the captive audience meeting. This is typically a group meeting held in the workplace during work hours, where employees listen to management describe their antiunion and pro-company presentations. These meetings are completely legal as long as they are not within 24 hours of an election. Employers need to be careful not to cross lines in regards to their tactics. Some of them can be considered illegal if they are overly aggressive or threatening. Some of these employer tactics are heavily debated due to their difficulty to measure and observe, so that kind of has the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) keeping an eye on employer tactics, and how they run their campaign. They want to ensure that there is no threatening of workers, or any other funny business going on. Union campaign processes also target the four key factors of worker complaints within a company. Union organizers use a vastly different set of tactics to get their information out, and attempt to get a union organized within a workplace. No matter how closely labor laws attempt to regulate the balance of rights during union and employer campaigning processes, the employers always seem to have more power over their property, and their employees. Unions need to get creative with their campaigning. Unions have some disadvantages against them because they cannot show workers instant results. Instead they make a lot of what seems like empty promises that they need to fulfill if they are successful during their campaign. One of their tactics that they use to get in contact with workers is by accessing the Excelsior List. The Excelsior List is simply a list of the names and addresses of employees eligible to vote in the election. Employers must provide this list to the union organizers to comply with a rule the NLRB established in 1966. Unions then utilize the list to send out mailings or set up home visits by a union representative to speak with the worker directly. A distinct disadvantage to using this list is that a lot of workers may view it as an invasion of privacy, and choose not to speak with the union representative. Alternatively, with the advance of technology, unions are now utilizing the Internet and web pages to help distribute information without violating an employee’s privacy. In comparison with employer campaigning, unions definitely have a more passive approach. Unions also have to recognize that different campaign tactics work better for different sets of workers. There is a lot to consider when establishing a campaign. Now, there can be significant problems with each side of the campaign process. Each side has to maintain their role while providing the necessary information desired, and stay within the legal guidelines set forth by the NLRB. Employers must be careful not to make any of their statements seem like threats of unemployment or wage deduction. Our textbook explains this perfectly. â€Å"Predictions based on objective facts that some events will likely occur because of forces beyond the employers control are legal; statements that convey the impression that these events are inevitable or at the discretion of the employer are threats. (McGraw-Hill, page 246) Employers tend to be watched more closely in these circumstances, since they have a more direct access to their workers, obviously. While the NLRB cannot monitor everything, the workers can report any inappropriate behavior should it occur. For instance, while a campaign is in process and an election is approaching, employers are not allowed to question workers on their stance regarding unions. This could lead to an employee giving his or her stance, and the employer terminating the employment to avoid them voting for the union, which is not allowed. Also, if employers choose to activate their privacy protection, and choose not to allow solicitors, they must remain active and apply that rule to all organizations, not just unions. Employers tend to have the advantage in the campaign process, since they can hire consultants and reach the workers directly, as stated. Some of these consultants can make matters worse, by starting rumors, telling lies and blowing things out of context. Our text outlines a particularly extreme case in which â€Å"a 17 year employee with no record of violence challenged his plant manager to let the employees talk to a union organizer. The following day the employer notified the local sheriff that this employee was threatening workers so the sheriff’s deputies surrounded him at gunpoint on his way to work and forcibly took him to the local hospital. Based on what the employer told the sheriff, the employee was involuntarily committed to a mental hospital. He was held for two weeks against his will and forcibly injected with anti-psychotic drugs until a lawyer could obtain his release. This happened in 1999, in South Carolina. † (McGraw-Hill, p. 248) Reading that is a real eye-opener to how serious this subject can get. The union side of campaign runs into fewer issues, mainly because of their lack of contact with workers. They are only permitted certain things, and often lack the funds to do much more than their mailings and home visits. One thing that they do have to their advantage is anonymity. Some unions are so bold as to send some of their paid union organizers into an employer to try to get hired as employees! They are referred to as â€Å"salts†, since the union thinks they â€Å"salt† or enrich the workplace by spreading news about union in non-work areas to attempt to organize the workers. I think this is actually a brilliant idea to get in under the radar and make some headway if you’re a union trying to organize. And actually, it is considered legal, after the Supreme Court ruled that they are employees protected against discrimination in hiring and firing. (McGraw-Hill, p. 247) Some states are considered at-will, or right to work states, and there are special rules for them regarding unions. â€Å"The Taft-Hartley Act outlawed the ‘closed-shop’ rule regarding unions. Closed shop referred to employees at unionized workplaces being required to join the union as a condition of employment. The Act did permit a new ‘union shop’, which required all new employees to join the union after a minimum period of time after their hire. Under ‘union shop’ rules, employers are obliged to fire any employees who have avoided paying membership dues necessary to maintain membership in the union; however the union cannot demand that the employer discharge an employee who has been expelled from membership for any other reason. † (Wikipedia) Some people think that there should be limits set forth to campaigning and union organizing. I agree that there should be some limits set to both sides of this debate. I think that unions should not be allowed to make home visits and invade their privacy. I also think that there should be more strict rules enforcing policies for the employers. I think that it is unfair for employers to discipline their workers simply for getting information on other options for their benefits and happiness. I don’t know how they can enforce these things in the future, but it simply is not fair for employees to be discriminated against, or put in fear of their jobs or benefits. That could be considered bullying. I think that maybe when it comes to union elections, the NLRB should send in more representatives, and maybe they can have a debate with employer management, and a union organizer, to allow both sides of an argument to be heard in a fair and dignified way, as opposed to simply campaigning, and talking bad about the other side. References: Wikipedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Taft-Hartley_Act Textbook: Budd, Labor Relations: Striking a Balance, Second Edition. McGraw-Hill 2008. How to cite Union Organizing, Papers

Book Report on Little Princes Essay Example For Students

Book Report on Little Princes Essay How far would you push your boundaries to follow the insecure passion of altruistic salvation without the dire ability of foreseeing its outcome? One man is audacious enough to fulfill his self-assigned responsibility of family reunion in one of the most remote part of Nepal- Humla – without the apprehension of the imminent complications. Conor who desperately craved for a ‘radical change’ by traveling around the globe and volunteering in a war-torn nation (initially for impressing his colleagues and family); is yet to encounter life’s greatest trial which would later transform him beyond his expectations. ‘Little Princes’ is a compiled memoir of a ‘University of Virginia’; graduate, Conor Grennan ,which entails heart-rending story of those deprived but extremely resilient children; deceitfully contrasting to the title that provides a euphoric outlook. After Conor left East/West Institute where he worked as Deputy Director for Governance program; he ventured to volunteer at ‘Little Princes Children Home’ when Maoist insurgency in the country reached its pinnacle. At the beginning mope and reluctant, Conor constantly questions and fears his competency to cope with the children and circumstances in the country chosen for volunteering. But when Conor is revealed with the unavoidable truth about none of the children being at Little Princes being orphan; the stint volunteering becomes a part of grand-committed journey, never before attempted in the land of mystical mountains. Those children had been cruelly lacerated from their family by child-traffickers demanding hefty cash for their safety at the time of civil war; but later abandoned amidst the chaos of the Kathmandu Valley! Conor without any information of the family members or the relatives of the children ( as they were trafficked at an age when one doesn’t call their relatives with their names); has to tackle the compulsion to rely on faint hope and fate for the accomplishment of his commitment. But back in the capital while Conor risks his life in the breathtaking cliffs and numbing chilliness of Humla, his intimates Farid, Viva and his mentor Anna are operating Next Generation Nepal (NGN) the organization founded by Conor assisting the benevolent cause of combating child trafficking. As the memoir develops, it unfolds the root cause of the trafficking woes i.e. ‘Political Patronizing’ as a prominent theme; which influenced many like Golkka conduct trafficking during civil war. Conor who has managed various projects on Peace and reconciliation in Balkan explicitly criticizes the recruitment ‘One child per family ‘policy in Maoist stronghold places in Nepal. ‘If a five-year-old boy went missing in the United States, it would be front-page news for days. Entire towns would hold vigils. Millions of dollars would be spent†¦In Kathmandu, seven children vanished into thin air and nobody even missed them.’  Not only did the passionate cruise introduced Conor to his future wife but, Liz, who shared congruent ideology of selflessness; but also appeasing little teachers(the children) who rewarded him with the ability of compromising. Conor is spell-bounded by the children who effortlessly contrived happiness from ‘Drinking Jelly’ they ate, co-operatively handling ‘children home’ chores or be it curiously piling upon one another to ensure their faces in the tiny camera screen. All along Conor’s unpredictable journey the children had silently and secretly taught him the lessons of endurance and optimism. Conor, who eventually becomes immune to the monastery bells and habituated to swinging on metal bar of the overcrowded buses. As he mentions in the essay ‘How Taking notes and Living without indoor Plumbing would change my life’ (- published in Amazon): ‘the more time I spent in Nepal, the more normal these â€Å"strange† things became’ which is undoubtedly a tireless struggle of encompassing the love towards the children and their society. .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e , .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .postImageUrl , .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e , .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e:hover , .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e:visited , .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e:active { border:0!important; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e:active , .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc07de52fab49acd9c26163f1c975ce7e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Metamorphosis Essay‘Little Princes’ is a solemn story of bridging over the tragic separation of children and their families so profoundly and wittily narrated. With a fair and reader friendly brevity, Conor leaves no stone unturned by vividly illustrating even the minute details; like the flashing of ‘I Love You’ each second in the watch borrowed from a friend by Santosh (a child from Little Princes) or the obscure plucking of blanket repairers with stringed harp around the shoulder, which gives a poetic justice to his life-changing experience in Nepal. Personally, it is a book capable of encapsulating and inspiring every reader to sort out the innate ability of absorbing evenness out of the odds. All in all the audacious adventure, riveting romance and devoted dedication yoked together makes ‘Little Princes’ a quintessential paradigm of how ‘real life can be stranger than fiction’; and guarantees your reading worthwhile till the end.  I have already made a difference in the lives of trafficked children as portion of my purchase is a contribution to Next Generation Nepal (NGN) working for the same altruistic cause; so when are you getting yours!

The Monetary Policy of the Reserve Bank of Australia

This paper looks into the Reserve Bank of Australia in terms of the bank setting the cash rates with accordance to several factors with regards to the decision made by the RBA in April 2012. In the case where the RBA lowered the interest rates by 25 basis points, Australian banks are expected to reduce their interest rates by a similar margin.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Monetary Policy of the Reserve Bank of Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper investigates and explains the reasons as to why the commercial banks did not match their interest rates with accordance to the cash rate set by the RBA. On the other hand the reason as top why the treasurer believes that the banks ought to pass rate cuts on to the public is broadly discussed. When studying the Australian RBA in terms of it determining cash rates, it is vital to also look into other regions and determine their cash rates. This pap er has thoroughly looked into the economic markets as well as interest rates of banks in Europe, India as well as China. The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) which is Australia’s central bank, has the role of formulation and implementation of the monetary policy as well as carrying out its operations with the aim of maintaining a sturdy fiscal system and it also carries out the duty of issuing the country’s currency. Not only is the Reserve bank of Australia the sole issuer of the country’s banknotes, it is also in charge of managing the country’s foreign and gold reserves as well as acting as a banker to the Australian government. The RBA has the duty of setting the target cash rate. The official cash rate is the interest rate that is normally paid by banks in Australia in an all night money market. The cash rate can only be affected by transfers that may have occurred between the Reserve Bank of Australia and the other banks. By raising and lowering the cash rate, the RBA has tried to influence the Australia economy with the intention of keeping some economic parameters in a constricted range. In November 2011, the RBA undertook the action of cutting official interest rates by 25 basis points. The Reserve Bank of Australia takes into consideration a variety of factors before it raises or lowers the cash rate this is vital since any change in the cash rate impacts several aspects in the Australian economy. In April 2012, the RBA board opted not to change the cash rate and hence left it at 4.25 per cent (Reserve Bank of Australia, 2011).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The RBA takes into account the monetary policy since it has a major influence on the housing market. In the housing market sector, the house prices are first looked into so as to determine whether the cash rate should be adjusted because the house prices have a probable impact on future inflation. The house market plays a significant role in the economic growth of the country as well as in the general welfare of its citizens. It is therefore necessary for the RBA to consider house marketing as a determinant in determining the cash rates since any change/surge in the house prices, a ripple effect occurs through an increase or decrease in the rate of inflation. Since the housing prices in Australia gave away some indications of gaining stability and the housing market remaining soft, the RBA decided to leave the cash rate as it previously was. The rate of inflation in Australia is a key determinant in cash rate determination by the RBA. This is evident since a negative change in the inflation rate would force the RBA to adjust the cash rate in a bid to counter this occurrence and maintain economic growth. The monetary policy stance in Australia fixed an inflation target and the tool that would be used to achieve this objective was the cash rate since a change in the cash rate would influence the inflation rate. The RBA left the cash rate unchanged since they expected a fall in inflation rate in the forthcoming quarter or two and an inflation rate of 2-3 per cent was anticipated. General economic growth as well as the lending rates aids the RBA in determining the cash rate. As for the case of Australia, there is an expectation that the growth will be close to trend while the lending rates are near the average mark hence no change for the cash rate was deemed fit by the RBA (Bindseil Ulrich 2004, 87). The four big banks in Australia despite reporting ever growing profits; have been blamed for not passing on the Reserve Bank’s cuts. Australian banks are being pressurized by the government, consumer associations and other relevant parties to reduce their lending rates in response to the RBA’s interest rate cuts. However, they have given many reasons as to justify their position: Long term credit such as mo rtgages as funded by long term debts while short term credit is funded by the money market. Banks claim that the interest rate cuts only affects the short term credit since they cannot borrow short term funds to fund long term lending as this would expose them to greater risks.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Monetary Policy of the Reserve Bank of Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, they cannot match the RBA’s interest rate cuts. Due to the risks exposed by funding long term debts wholly with short term credit, banks have to branch out their lending sources. Bankers argue that almost half their cash comes from domestic deposits, a quarter from domestic bonds and the other from the international markets. Since there is inadequate savings to fund all the loans, banks have to get the deficit from out of the country and therefore present themselves to the international market conditions. Alt hough the Reserve Bank may have some control on the local short term money market rates, definitely they have no control over the international market (Whitesell William 2006, 1180). Banks claim that they are being squeezed by offshore capital markets as they are paying more money on international markets while at the same time moving further towards a domestic funding base. Banks fear that bad debts accruing in the future could increase given that lending rates are relative to the default of the loans. Thus, their reluctance to respond to RBA’s cuts could be an indication that they are pricing in more risks on their loans. Banks argue that with inflation expected to remain for some time, economic growth in the long run trend and unemployment generally sturdy, thus it is not necessary to maintain interest rates slightly restrictive. Lending rates are about 30% points over their long-term averages and cuts in the RBA cash rate would take them back to around those averages. Re serve Bank anticipates that the inflation to range between 2-3% marks in the next one to two years before it can turn down again. Thus, as expected, banks could even increase borrowing rates quick enough to safeguard their profits. The banks also claim that the high borrowing costs are eating into their margins and they also want to rebuild their margins after the financial crisis.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Banks have cited increased operating costs and could even impose almost double rate hikes after the RBA lifted rates. However, banks like the Westpac, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group, and Commonwealth Bank have at least responded to the RBA’s move slashing their variable loan rates by 25 basis points (Reserve Bank of Australia 2008). The RBA treasurer, Wayne Swan, believes that major banks should cut their rates in full to match the central bank’s move, so as to tame the spiraling inflation and to support the suppressed local economic growth (Ellis 2002, 31; Obstfeld Alan 2009, 46). The treasurer cautioned the banks not to use the European debt crisis as a pretext of not passing the cuts fully to the customers. He argues that banks should help in easing the financial pressures in Australia. I concur that banks should pass on fully the interest rate cuts. Going by the Prudential Regulation Authority report that indicates that an additional $12.3B has been put i nto bank deposits since 2011, banks are in a position to push on the savings fully as this comes at a time when international economic uncertainty is still looming with more savers seeking protection. Going by figures, bank deposits in the Commonwealth Bank went higher up by 2.6 percent, National Bank deposits up 1.1 percent and Westpac deposits up 1.2 percent, while ANZ maintained its deposits. The total increase in deposits of 0.9 percent is well over the growth in lending of 0.6 percent. The fact that banks are unwilling to respond to the RBA interest rate cuts suggests that the RBA cash rate is losing ground in its significance as a cause driving the cost of being a bank (Grenville 1997, 103). Europe The global lenders are one after the other pulling their money out of Europe and consequently the borrowing costs in Europe are on the rise quick and so are cash lending rates. Since the second big challenge with the Euro train wreck is that European’s banks have Euro debts c oming out of their ears. Britain’s banks have taken off their lending risk to peripheral euro zone counterpart by a quarter as concerns have expanded about the worsening crises in Europe. The Financial Times has reported that the big 4 Britain banks have reduced cash loan amounts by more than 24% to  £10.5B in the three months to the end of September 2011, showing a quick increase in anxiety among lenders across the euro zone. The biggest cuts were in the volume of credits to banks in Greece and Spain (Boge Wilson 2011, 47). HSBC, the main lender of credit to other banks in Europe, also reduced its exposure more drastically with a 40% total reduction in cash lending to Europe, for instance it cancelled lending to Greek banks, and sliced Spanish and Irish amounts by almost two thirds. The bond markets have closed for longer term bank borrowing, the reduction in cash lending rates will put in to worries of a credit crisis as banks fight back to retain present loan obligation s, let alone furnish new ones. This added to the decline of cash lending rates and regulatory weight on banks to increase capital reserves has forced banks to caution of a worse credit crisis in Europe (Fabbro Hack 2011, 40). China As witnessed in other parts of the world, the big banks in China have gradually been depositing excess funds with the reserve bank and reducing their cash rates as they try to cover market risks. At the time of the beginning of the economic meltdown in 2008, cash lending came to an end as there was mistrust among the banks. The market for cash rate in China yuan is international. Many banks in Europe, US and in other countries have some yuan-denominated assets and obligations and hence have to occasionally borrow and lend in yuans. The People’s Bank of China has allowed trading in the yuan against the sterling in its cash rate market in spot, forward and swaps deals. Sterling will be allowed to move within each day 3 percent trading mark, to match the trading ranges presently accepted for the euro, yen and Hong Kong dollar. India In India cash rate lending is hampered even after the reserve bank is putting actions to improve the Indian market’s liquidity. The Reserve Bank of India in addition raised the cash reserve ratio (a volume of deposits that banks should keep with the reserve bank) by 1.5% points, from 0.5% point cuts, a decision that was projected to boost 600B rupees ($12.2 billion) into the bank system (DeLong 2001). Conclusion The Reserve Bank of Australia indeed serves an important role of setting the cash rate hence it may raise or lower the basis points and this factor is determined by a couple of factors such as the housing market, the inflation rate as well as the economic growth of the country. In event, once the basis points have either been raised or lowered by the RBA, the consequential result is for the commercial banks to take the initiative to either lower or raise their interest rates with rega rds to the cash rate. In this case, the banks did not match the interest rate cuts and this is due to several reasons such as the fact that if they cut their long term lending rates they will endure high criticism to increase them again in case of further disruptions in the international credit market. References Bindseil, L Ulrich, H 2004, Monetary Policy Implementation, Theory – Past and Present, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Boge, M Wilson, I 2011, The Domestic Market for Short-term Debt Securities. RBA Bulletin, pp. 39–48. DeLong, B 2001, Preliminary Thoughts on India’s Economic Growth, , http://www.j-bradford-delong.net/TotW/India.html. Ellis, L 2002, ‘Interest Rates and the Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy: Theory and Australian Experience’, Economic Research, pp. 25-93. Fabbro, D Hack, M 2011, ‘The Effects of Funding Costs and Risk on Banks’ Lending Rates’, RBA Bulletin, pp. 35–41. Grenville, S 1997, The Evolution of Monetary Policy: From Money Targets to Inflation Targets, John Wiley, New York. Obstfeld, G Alan, T 2009, Financial Instability, Reserves, and Central Bank Swap Lines in the Panic of 2008, Sage, CA. RBA (Reserve Bank of Australia) 2011, Submission to the Inquiry into Access for Small and Medium Business to Finance, https://www.rba.gov.au/. Reserve Bank of Australia 2008, Measures to Enhance the Functioning of Financial Markets, https://www.rba.gov.au/media-releases/2008/mr-08-15.html. Whitesell, R William, G 2006, ‘Interest rate corridors and reserves’, Journal of Monetary Economics, vol. 53(6), pp. 1177-1195. Appendices This report on The Monetary Policy of the Reserve Bank of Australia was written and submitted by user Lady Deathstrike to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Issue of Illegal Immigration

The Issue of Illegal Immigration The trend of immigration into the United States continues to raise debates concerning the positive and negative effects of the phenomenon. Proponents of immigration cite numerous economic benefits such the increase in tax collection, availability of a large pool of cheap labor, and enhanced circulation of money within the economy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Issue of Illegal Immigration specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, opponents of immigration depict immigrants as a menace to the American people as it promotes the rise in criminal activities and causes an economic and social burden to taxpayers. I think the negative opinion towards immigration is justified since it affects key institutions such as schools, health care, national labor market, and the law enforcement and criminal-justice system. Various considerations promote the opposition on immigration, especially due to the large number o f illegal immigrants who enter America. First, Immigration contributes to an increase in the population of America. This increase occurs sporadically, and thus the national budgetary allocations in America do not account for this increase. In this regard, immigration causes financial strain on various aspects of government planning. The government has to divert some funds into addressing the unanticipated issue of immigration. In addition, immigration causes strain on various amenities such as schools and health care facilities. Furthermore, since most immigrants enter the country illegally they do not participate in crucial obligations such as the payment of tax. Thus, they use various social services without contributing to their sustenance. Secondly, most immigrants lack professional skills that could facilitate their accommodation in most of the sectors within the American economy. Although a portion of immigrants, especially the legal immigrants, possesses sufficient education and training, the largest percentage of immigrants comes to America solely on the notion that it is a country with opportunities for all people. The lack of professional skills leaves immigrants with a few opportunities other than picking odd jobs to survive. The meager income in this regard leads to frustration and increases the tendency towards criminal acts as a source of additional income. In this consideration, immigrants lead to an additional burden on law enforcers and the criminal-justice system. Increased prosecution costs and the maintenance of prisons are major considerations in this regard. Furthermore, unskilled immigrants provide a large pool of cheap labor, especially in the manufacturing sector, and thus affect sectors of the national labor market that require minimal formal education. Apart from lowering skill rates in America, they hinder the adoption of technological systems in labor-intensive manufacturing processes. This introduces technical costs in the economy .Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other consideration on immigration is its effects on housing facilities, especially among the low-income American families. The issue of housing is critical to America’s low-income earners who have to adopt stringent measures in order to cope with rising costs for housing. Another point is that immigration creates loopholes in border-movement control systems. As such, it provides criminals with an opportunity to conduct illegal transactions. Drugs and firearm cartels exploit the lenient laws on immigration to smuggle their products into America. These vices pose adverse social and economic effects on the American population. Various drawbacks associated with immigration emanate from the lack of appropriate immigration-control measures. Without the proper regulations on immigration, the trend of the rising number of both legal and illegal immigrants will continue to rise. Appropriate regulations should seek to minimize the number of illegal immigrants and while ensuring the full absorption of legal immigrants into the American system.

Personal Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Personal Ethics - Essay Example It should also be noted that what a society may consider morally upright might not apply to other societies. This means that personal morality may vary from one society to another. In addition, an individual may go against the society ethical norms and embrace different values depending on his or her conscience and judgment (Howard & Korver, 2008). My personal code of ethics is developed from ethical relativism, which points out that what a society believes in will influence the other person either positively or negatively. In this case, individuals in most cases are influenced by society to make choices for themselves, which in the end may assist in shaping their personal ethical values. The developmental theory coming into play is the learning theory. According to this model, learning ethics values and behaviors takes place through the process of reinforcement and association. Human ethics are shaped by ones society and they define how one is going to apply them in real life situat ions. During my childhood, my society used to frown on me when I engaged in dishonest activities and so through positive reinforcement, honesty became one of my ethical values. My society shaped me positively by enabling me to learn virtue ethics (Howard & Kover,2008). The Ethical system that shapes my codes of ethics is the ethics of virtue. Basing on ethical relativism where the society shapes ones behaviors and ethical standards either positively or negatively, my society instilled virtues ethics in me as I value doing what is right basing on values that are upheld by virtue ethics. The main values that ethics of virtue has promoted include integrity, humility, honesty, respect, being responsible, trust, being principled and trust. Most of these virtues are engrained in almost every society and they form the basis of morality in the world. Upholding positive values that are promoted by ethics of virtue enhance positive human interaction, promote fairness and justice, and enabled one to appreciate and respect the society and other people. In addition, virtue is essential in minimizing perceived immoralities such as crime, child prostitution, war and other social evils. As a woman, upholding my virtuous codes of ethics has been instrumental in my positive behaviors especially when dealing with my family members, children and the society in general. As a woman, my caring, gentle and good behaviors can be attributed to the virtues that I uphold and the social norms that I was subjected to by my society (Kowalski,2012). When applying the ethical codes, I have faced a number of dilemmas, some of which threatened the basic tenets of my beliefs and moral behaviors. One of dilemma is how to handle a situation that requires sound judgment such as a criminal case involving murder. This situation requires fairness and justice without pity or mercy but according to my codes of ethics, humility and mercy are some of the major values that dictate my codes of ethics. I alw ays manage this dilemma by applying the value of principle where I make my decision basing on what I feel is right for a given situation without being dictated by other ethical values that the society may have instilled in me. Further, in solving ethical dilemmas, I consider the environment of a given situation before making any judgment. For example, if a problem occurs between family members, I use the value of

The Great Gatsby Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

The Great Gatsby - Essay Example He has moved from the Midwest, where his family is wealthy and prominent, to become a bond salesman in New York. He is the quintessential lone representative of a bucolic bourgeois patriarchy, â€Å"making his name† in an urban area. This is not to say that Nick is alone on West Egg- his second cousin, Daisy, lives nearby with her overbearing, snobbish husband, Tom. Tom, who went to Yale and has all the trappings of class, displays a vulgar sort of vacuity that is actually rather disturbing. Nick visits the couple and assays in his laid-back narrative the tense and precarious situation of the household: the hulking Tom is immersed in half-baked racist theories, and Daisy seems to float around in an ephemeral haze of blasà © affectation which briefly disperses to reveal a still center of affected innocence. Nick meets Jordan Baker, a sophisticated and attractive golf champion who is visiting the Buchanan household, and the two begin what evolves into a casual romance. There is nothing obsessive about their offhanded relationship. farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens† (Fitzgerald 27). Though many critics posit that Myrtle Wilson is a positive, down-to-earth character just because of the colors of her clothing, one could also believe that Fitzgerald intends to characterize her in terms of her class. Counterpoised against the monied world of the Buchanans and the distantly wry, self-deprecating objectivity of Carraway’s detached affluence, Myrtle seems to be a rather simplified representative of a middle-class agog with the glamour of the wealthy elite. This behavior is irritating to Tom, who in a fit of rage behaves awfully and betrays his base nature, breaking Myrtle’s Nose when she presses the issue of Daisy’s cognizance. The pathetic, servile figure of George, Myrtle’s Daisy to visit him (Nick) while Gatsby â€Å"stops by.† After the two are finally together, the complicated

Public Administration and Democratic Governance Essay

Public Administration and Democratic Governance - Essay Example Traditionally public administration has been the forte of orthodox public administrators. They believed in monopolistic policy making and forced enforcement of these policies. With "Change" occurring at rapid phase democratic governance in public administration is inevitable to provide responsive and effective service to citizens. Citizen awareness has been another driving force enabling changes in functioning of the public administration. Citizens are more demanding, ask for more out of less and have raised the bar for public administrators from just governance to good governance. This notion has moved the responsibilities of public servants from service providers to the ones responsible for greater public good and minority upliftment. The three branches of governance - Legislative, Executive and Judiciary are no more seen as separate entities, instead, their packaged service accessibility is one of the other major responsibilities of a public administrator. The drivers mentioned above lay the stepping stone for "New Public Administration" (NPM). This initiative has become a synonym for public administration's effort towards democratic governance aiming to achieve greater economic and social development. The self governance process introduced by NPM is driven by innovation at all levels intending to face the turbulent dissatisfaction environment. Decentraliza